CBO: Trump Immigration Crackdown To Cut U.S. Population By 4.5 Million; Working-Age Drop Looms

CBO’s updated outlook projects 4.5 million fewer people in 2035 (1.2%) and 5.4 million fewer by 2055, largely due to lower net immigration tied to stricter Trump-era enforcement, alongside lower fertility. The working-age cohort (25–54) is smaller than previously expected and deaths now exceed births by 2031, two years earlier than prior estimates. The shift flags potential pressure on labor supply, growth, and social programs.